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1002 餐旅英文
 

 

UNIT 5時態: 完成式 PERFECT

 

1)現在完成式

 

* HAS/ HAVE + PP (過去分詞)

*表達事情或是動作發生了一段時間& 到現在仍然持續發生

-actions that happened during a period of time

-that continues up to the present time.

         (常跟特定的副詞一同出現, 如,already/ just/ so far)

 

**用來形容從過去開始持續到現在的動作

  (常跟特定的副詞一同出現, 如,for/ since)

        例子:I have known Sally for a long time.

                   (I still know Sally now.)

 

***用來表達曾經有過的經驗或是沒有過的經驗

(常跟特定的副詞一同出現, 如,never/ everagain/ several times)

 

2)過去完成式

 

* HAD + PP (過去分詞)

*表達兩件發生在過去的事件前後順序

used to talk about an event that happened before another event in the past.

(1) 比較先發生的需用過去完成式(2) 後發生的用過去式

例子:The plane had already departed 

when we arrived at the airport.

*表示在過去某個時間點的持續狀況

used to talk about a situation that existed up to a specific time in the past.

 

Grammar Exercise

(1)    Have you ever _______ to France before? 

(A) go               (B) going          (C) gone                      (D) went

(2) The company has been successful since it _______ established 15 years ago.

     (A) was         (B) were           (C) has been                (D) have been

(3)    The child _______ asleep by the time his parents came home.

(A) has already fallen               (B) had already fallen        

(C) have already fallen                   (D) had already fall

(4) My English teacher _______ for 3 years now.

     (A) has taught         (B) have taught         (C) had taught              (D) taught

(5) By the time James _______ up, his wife had already gone to work.

     (A) wakes               (B) wake          (C) woke             (D) had woken

(6) Although I _______ to Italy before, I know it’s famous for its leather purses.

     (A) have gone  (B) have went           (C) have ever been      (D) have never been

(7) The water price ______ by thirty percent since the beginning of 2012.

     (A) fell             (B) have fallen          (C) has fallen           (D) have been falling

(8) My friend told me last night that he ______ me five years ago at a friend’s birthday party.

     (A) see            (B) has seen             (C) sees           (D) had seen

 

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